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- $Unique_ID{BRK03761}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency}
- $Subject{Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency Lipid Disorder Mucolipidosis IV ML
- IV Neuraminidase Deficiency ML Disorder}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1988, 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 305:
- Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Ganglioside Sialidase
- Deficiency) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing
- to find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this
- article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Lipid Disorder
- Mucolipidosis IV
- ML IV
- Neuraminidase Deficiency
- ML Disorder
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- The Mucolipidoses are a family of hereditary disorders in which enzyme
- deficiencies cause both complex carbohydrates (mucopolysaccharides) and
- certain fatty substances (mucolipids) to accumulate in body tissues without
- excess mucopolysaccharides in the urine. (For more information on the
- Mucolipidoses, choose "ML Disorder" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database.)
-
- Symptoms
-
- Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency is characterized by a deficiency in the
- enzyme ganglioside sialidase which causes abnormalities of connective tissue
- cells, defects of the cornea and retardation of physical and mental
- development.
-
- Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency generally occurs at birth or early
- infancy. The first symptom usually is clouding of the eye's cornea.
- Retardation of physical and mental development usually does not appear until
- the end of the first year after which symptoms tend to progress gradually.
- Patients with ML IV do not have enlargement of the liver or spleen, skeletal
- involvement or mucopolysaccharides in the urine.
-
- Degeneration of the retina with a reduced electroretinogram (ERG) may be
- found in older children. Biopsies of connective tissue cells (fibroblasts)
- usually show abnormalities.
-
- Causes
-
- Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency is an autosomal recessive hereditary
- disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme ganglioside sialidase, which
- leads to abnormalities in certain connective tissue cells (fibroblasts).
- (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
- interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father and
- one from the mother. In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear
- unless a person inherits the same defective gene from each parent. If one
- receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a
- carrier for the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of
- transmitting the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are
- carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of
- their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five
- percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one from each
- parent and will be genetically normal.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency may affect children of both sexes. About
- one-half of the reported patients are of Ashkenazi Jewish extraction with
- ancestors originating from eastern Europe and in particular southern Poland.
- The exact incidence is unknown with less than 20 reported patients in the
- medical literature.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Ganglioside Sialidase is symptomatic and supportive. Prenatal
- diagnosis of the disorder is possible with transmission electron microscopy
- of cells acquired through amniocentesis. Genetic counseling is advised for
- families affected by this disorder.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Since prenatal diagnosis is now possible through amniocentesis, new
- treatments aimed at checking Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency are now under
- investigation. One method involves replacing defective enzymes via enzyme
- replacement therapy and/or bone marrow transplants. Scientific study of gene
- replacement in animal models raises the hope that gene replacement therapy
- may someday be made available to people with genetic disorders such as
- Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- February 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Ganglioside Sialidase Deficiency, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Children's Association for Research on Mucolipidosis IV
- 6 Concord Drive
- Moncey, NY 10952
- (914) 425-0639
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-6344
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 6th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1983. P. 836.
-
-